citation_inspection

In early November 2014, three macaques in the breeding colony were affected by a previous biosecurity breach, in which one or more staff members had failed to adhere to established biosafety and infection control procedures. This biosecurity breach led to the euthanasia of these animals. Handling of all animals should be done as expeditiously and carefully as possible in a manner that does not cause trauma, behavioral stress, physical harm or unnecessary discomfort. The IACUC acted by making the necessary changes in the SOPs, retraining staff and implementing additional measures to prevent any further incidents. Correct by: This incident has been addressed by the facility's IACUC and has been corrected. The records review took place October 20, 2015 with APHIS personnel Dr. Simone Tomlinson, VMO, Dr. Tami Howard, SACS, and Dr. Elizabeth Meek, Assistant Regional Director. The exit interview took place with APHIS personnel and the Associate Director of Veterinary Resources and Executive Director of Comparative Medicine. Additional Inspectors Theodorson Elizabeth, Director Howard Tami, Supervisory Animal Care Specialist

Several hoofed stock appear thin with prominent hip bones and ribs. The thin hoof stock include multiple white tailed deer, one spotted deer, one zebu, several hog deer, one addax, and one lechwe. The licensee is responsible for ensuring all animals receive adequate veterinary care in order to prevent, control, diagnose, and treat diseases and injuries. These animals must be evaluated by a veterinarian to assess their body conditions and develop an appropriate treatment plan. To be corrected by: November 6, 2015. One female zebu has front feet that are so long the hooves are curling upward. When she walks her gait is adversely affected by these long front hooves. According to the licensee this animal has to be taken to the veterinarian in order to adequately trim its hooves. The licensee is responsible for ensuring that all animals receive adequate veterinary care in order to prevent, control, diagnose, and treat diseases and injuries. This animal must be seen by a veterinarian and appropriate hoof care performed. To be corrected by: November 6, 2015.

In the central part of the ringtail lemur breeding building, there is an equipment storage area which has a lot of clutter and debris laying on the floor such as empty plastic containers, metal barrels, pieces of PVC pipe, rusty chains, and pieces of wire. Small pieces of Styrofoam-like material were noted in this equipment storage area by the bottom of the overhead doors which may indicate a rodent problem in this area. Trash must be properly disposed of and maintenance supplies must be stored off the floor and away from the walls to allow cleaning underneath and around the supplies. Buildings for non-human primates must be kept clean and in good repair in order to protect the health and well-being of all animals housed inside this facility. To be corrected by: October 30, 2015.

In the front addax outdoor enclosure, there are several layers of fencing material along the bottom of the chain link fence. There are pieces of wire protruding inwards along the bottom of this fence which could injure the animals. These areas of broken fencing must be repaired or replaced to protect the animals from injury. To be corrected by: December 31, 2015. The section of the chain link fence by the white tail deer runway is being held to the metal top rail by string. The string could break allowing animals to escape or become entangled in the fence. This area of fencing must be repaired or replaced to protect the animals from injury. To be corrected by: December 31, 2015.

At the time of this inspection, the outdoor serval yard had a large accumulation of dried, white fecal material. Feces must be removed from animal enclosures as often as necessary to minimize disease hazards and to reduce odors. Routine cleaning and sanitation of primary enclosures must be done frequently to protect the health and well-being of the one serval housed in this enclosure. To be corrected by: October 30, 2015. Facility inspection was conducted by Jeanne Kjos, VMO and Cindy Digesualdo, VMO with facility representatives on October 20, 2015. Exit briefing was conducted with by Jeanne Kjos, VMO and Cindy Digesualdo, VMO with facility representatives on October 22, 2015. Additional Inspectors Digesualdo Cynthia, Veterinary Medical Officer

Spoke with the licensee who was out of town and unavailable. A responsible adult was not available to accompany APHIS Officials during the inspection process at 8:30am on 10/20/2015.

Section 2.126(b) - Access and inspection of records and property: A responsible adult shall be made available to accompany APHIS officials during the inspection process. A responsible adult was not available to accompany APHIS Officials during the inspection process at 08:47 AM on 10/20/2015. Additional Inspectors Tims Tanya, Assistant Director

Although many of the primary enclosures cited on the inspection of 4-13-15 have received needed repairs, about 10% of the cages in the lower section still need wire replacement. The structural integrity of the wire has been compromised by years of use. This wire forms the back walls of many of the cages and the bottom corners of several. This wire needs to be replaced in order to prevent animal injury leading to unnecessary animal suffering.

A responsible adult was not available to accompany APHIS Officials during the inspection process at 1:20 p.m. on 10/20/2015. The inspector knocked at the door, called the phone number provided and waited 30 minutes on the property.

The coyote enclosure has running water that is backing up in front of the shelter entrance. An attempt has been made to limit the water by running a hose to the lower part of the trough but this is ineffective. This backup causes the animal to have to walk thru water to enter its shelter and could lead to discomfort and disease especially as the weather gets colder. The water also effectively reduces the size of the enclosure If the animal tries to avoid it. Correct by preventing the water from covering unintended portions of the shelter floor. A suitable method shall be provided to rapidly eliminate excess water. The method of drainage shall comply with applicable Federal, State, and local laws and regulations relating to pollution control or the protection of the environment. To be corrected by 30 October 2015

** There were two great pyrenees puppies that was diagnosed with sarcoptic mange by the attending veterinarian. They were being housed along with 3 young llama(cid:25)s. The attending veterinarian stated that she wanted all of the animals to be treated with injectable ivermectin. Instead the llamas were treated with oral ivermectin by the owner. The owner stated that he did not know that he was not supposed to treat the animals orally. Since the owner was said to have already treated the animals the veterinarian was unable to treat with the injectable for fear of overdose. There are no records of the oral ivermectin being given, the amount, dosage and route in which the medication was administered to the animals. To ensure the proper medication was given and the condition was treated appropriately the attending veterinarian should have the appropriate authority to make sure the provision of adequate veterinary care has been given to the animals.

* At least 7 dogs in the kennel had excessive hair matting. Several dogs had hair mats on the throat that were ropy, twisted, and stained with saliva and debris. Multiple dogs had dense mats of hair on their sides and hind legs. These mats were tight against the body and too dense to clearly visualize the underlying skin. Matted hair may cause pain or discomfort. to the animals, and can lead to underlying skin irritation and infection. In addition, matted coats do not provide complete protection against the elements. The licensee must remove the matted hair from all affected dogs within 10 days of this inspection. As part of the facility's program of veterinary care, the licensee must develop and follow a program of hair coat maintenance to ensure that animals are cleaned when their hair coats become soiled and that matted hair is removed on a regular basis.

* Upon request, the records of the (cid:28)Dogs on Hand(cid:29) was not available. A record of the (cid:28)Dogs on Hand(cid:29) must be kept and maintained for all regulated animals. This will allow with certainty and track the movement of the 18 adult dogs and two puppies held on the premises.

* In the North Kennel Building, seven wood dog boxes have a wood divider inside. These wood dividers have dog doors that are excessively chewed and scratch along the edges. The South Kennel Building had three wood dog boxes with doors that are excessively chewed and scratched along the edges. The North Kennel Building has five support post and the South Kennel Building has four support posts that were excessively chewed and scratched. These posts are located supporting the divider panels between the enclosures housing 12 adult dogs. * There are at least two plastic water receptacles whose surfaces are excessively chewed along the top. The pitted portion of chewed area had dirt or debris gray to brown in color. These excessively chewed and scratched wood and plastic surfaces do not allow for proper cleaning and sanitization. Therefore, increasing the disease potential for the animals. All wood and plastic surfaces must be maintained on a regular basis or impervious to moisture. This will allow for proper cleaning and sanitization. With proper cleaning and sanitization the disease potential for the animals is decrease.

* Seven enclosures in the machine shed have no lighting (natural or artificial) for routine inspection, cleaning of the facility and observation of the seven adult dogs. Inadequate cleaning, housekeeping practices and inspection of the dogs can increase disease potential and prevent observation of the health for the dogs. Additional lighting (natural and artificial) must be uniformly diffused throughout the animal facility. Sufficient lighting will allow for good housekeeping practices, adequate cleaning and adequate inspection of the dogs. This will decrease disease potential and allow for observation of the health for the dogs. To be corrected by, 5-November-2015.

* 10 water receptacles used to water 10 adult dogs and two puppies had a buildup of gray to brown grime, dirt and debris on the surfaces of the receptacles. This can increase the disease potential for the dogs. Water receptacles must be kept clean and sanitized in accordance to Section 3.11(b) to prevent an accumulation of grime, dirt, debris, excreta and other disease hazards. Water receptacles that are kept clean and sanitized properly can decrease the disease hazards for the dogs. To be corrected by, 27-October-2015.

Section 2.40(a)(1) Veterinary care: The written Program of Veterinary Care (PVC) for this facility lacks specific guidance for the care of animals. There is no specific guidance for the parasite control and treatment of conditions for the various species, only a list of drugs. Species specific dosing and route is not included for the drugs included in the PVC. Specific guidance from the attending veterinarian is required for all drugs used by the licensee. There is no specific guidance in the PVC for the method of euthanasia to be used by the facility, including its use, equipment, and the personnel trained and authorized to perform the euthanasia for the various species. Specific guidance and training in the procedure for euthanasia by the attending veterinarian is required to ensure animals are humanely euthanized according to the latest AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals (2013 edition). Additional specific guidance is required for the Program of Veterinary Care. Failure to have specific accurate guidance does not ensure the attending veterinarian is aware of the current practices at the facility and also does not ensure the facility has accurate guidance to provide adequate veterinary care to the animals. Correct this by developing and implementing a complete, accurate Program of Veterinary Care for all species housed at the facility. Correct by November 20, 2015.

Section 2.126(b) - Access and inspection of records and property: A responsible adult shall be made available to accompany APHIS officials during the inspection process. A responsible adult was not available to accompany APHIS Officials during the inspection process at 13:00 on 10/20/2015.

**The last Program of Veterinary Care found appears to have been updated in 2007 and does not include the species of animals on the premises. The exhibitor shall employ an attending veterinarian under formal arrangements, which includes a written Program of Veterinary Care and scheduled visits to the premises. This program and relationship must be established to help ensure provision of an appropriate standard of care for the regulated animals. The program must be complete to include all regulated species, regularly, reviewed, and updated as necessary by the attending veterinarian. Correct by 11/3/2015

A responsible adult was not available to accompany APHIS Officials during the inspection process at 1:50 p.m. on 10/20/2015. I arrived at the facility at approximately 1:50 p.m. and knocked on the door, no one answered. I called the phone number for the facility and I was informed that the licensee was not available and that it could be a couple more hours before he would be returning. The individual told me that I could try him on his cell phone. I called the cell phone and there was no answer, I left a message. I then waited at the facility for 30 minutes before leaving.

Section 2.126(b) - Access and inspection of records and property: A responsible adult shall be made available to accompany APHIS officials during the inspection process. A responsible adult was not available to accompany APHIS Officials during the inspection process at 1430 on 10/20/2015.

The exhibitor did not have a completed APHIS Form 7005 with the required information on the acquisition of two kittens being displayed to the public during a Fall festival. Records containing the required information regarding the acquisition of dogs and cats for use in Animal Welfare Act (AWA) regulated activities, such as exhibition, are necessary to ensure that animals are legally acquired and are able to be tracked during exhibition and transport to ensure humane care and use. Each exhibitor shall use Record of Acquisition of Dogs and Cats on Hand (APHIS Form 7005) and Record of Disposition of Dogs and Cats (APHIS Form 7006) to make, keep, and maintain the information required by paragraph (a)(1) of this section. To be corrected by 10/24/2015. Inspection and exit interview conducted with the licensee, an employee, and AC VMO, Tracy Thompson, DVM.

***The hamster enclosure had an accumulation of cobwebs and debris on the enclosure walls. The licensee stated to the VMO that she had recently changed the bedding and cleaned the wheel but did not wipe down the enclosure walls. Accumulation of cobwebs and debris can be an indicator of substandard husbandry practices. Animal enclosures must be cleaned routinely in order to provide for appropriate animal husbandry standards, to reduce disease transmission, and to prevent the animals from becoming contaminated or soiled. Primary enclosures shall be cleaned and sanitized often enough to prevent an accumulation of excreta or debris: Provided, however, that such enclosures shall be sanitized at least once every 2 weeks. To be corrected by 10/27/15

***The following enclosures had an excessive accumulation of debris (hair, cobwebs, food, feces, dirt, etc) on surfaces within the enclosure: -on the two perches in the degu enclosure -on the walls in the betong enclosure -within and above the hyrax enclosure -along the outside-bottom edge of the hyrax enclosure -within and above the beaver enclosure An excessive accumulation of waste/debris can increase insects, pests, and odors;may harbor pathogens which can play a role in disease transmission and can be an indication of substandard husbandry practices. Primary enclosures shall be cleaned as often as necessary to prevent contamination of the animals contained therein and to minimize disease hazards and to reduce odors.

The facility has acquired sixteen additional marmosets in May 2015. The existing animal room did not have space for any additional NHP cages so the new monkey cages are housed in the adjacent room which is a bedroom and includes typical bedroom furniture such as a bed, dressers, chest of drawers and a TV. The marmoset cages are situated directly adjacent to the furniture items. The marmoset scent odor in the room is fairly strong in spite of all cages and items within the cages being clean. Animal areas must be kept neat and free of any furniture or equipment not actually used and necessary for proper husbandry practices relating to the animals. This is necessary to allow proper cleaning and sanitization as required by the regulations and standards in order to minimize odors and eliminate disease spread and pests. Animal areas inside housing facilities must be kept neat and free of any equipment, furniture and stored materials not actually used and necessary for proper husbandry practices. Correct by Jan. 20, 2016. The marmoset cited for vet care on the April 28, 2015 inspection report has been seen by a veterinarian. Exit conducted by Kate Campbell, ACI, Susanne Brunkhorst, VMO and facility representative. Additional Inspectors Brunkhorst Susanne, Veterinary Medical Officer

Arrived at the facility, knocked on the door, called all the contact numbers provided then waited 30 minutes. A responsible adult was not available to accompany APHIS Officials during the inspection process at 10:10AM on Tuesday, 10/20/2015.

This facility has an outdoor area that is used for exercise. This area does not have a shelter structure for the animals to get into during inclement weather. Without a shelter structure these dogs would not have a place to seek shelter from the wind, rain or snow. The Licensee must ensure that all animals have access to a shelter structure while the animals are housed in this area or the area is being used for exercise purposes. Correct By: November 1, 2015 Part of this inspection followed up on citation 2.40(b)(2) that were written on March 25, 2014. The Licensee is currently following the guidance of his Attending Veterinarian. The adult female Yorkshire terrier, USDA tattoo # OHDAN-9 and adult female Shih Tzu, USDA tattoo # OHDAN-18 , were seen by the attending veterinarian and were treated as directed at that time. Inspection and Exit interview was conducted by the Licensee and Veterinary Medical Officer Mike Neafsey.

* An excessive amount of excreta was observed collecting on the interior wood floor in one enclosure. Three dogs are in contact with the affected area located in outdoor housing. Excreta is covering an estimated 25 to 30 percent of the total available floor area. This indicates the dogs are living in unsanitary living conditions. Removal of excreta is necessary to prevent soiling of the dogs contained in the primary enclosure and to reduce disease hazards, insects, pests and odors. The licensee must ensure that excreta is removed from the primary enclosure daily to prevent an excessive accumulation of feces in the primary enclosure. Correct by 10/27/15.

A responsible adult was not available to accompany APHIS Officials during the inspection process at 1:30pm on 10/20/2015.

(b) Each dealer or exhibitor shall establish and maintain programs of adequate veterinary care that include: (2) The use of appropriate methods to prevent, control, diagnose, and treat diseases and injuries, and the availability of emergency, weekend, and holiday care; Two Guinea Pigs and one rat had problems with their eyes. One baby Guinea Pig with black and tan markings had white discharge coming from the left eye. The other Guinea Pig (hairless black and pink) had a white spot on its right eye. An African Soft Fur Rat had problems with both of its eyes. The rat was constantly squinting with its left eye and it appeared to be irritated. The right eye had some kind of reddish bulge coming out of the socket. It is unclear if the bulge is the eye itself or some kind of growth coming out of the eye. Eye problems can indicate underlying health issues, can be painful, or may spread to other animals. The licensee must ensure that these animals are evaluated and treated per the attending veterinarian's instruction. Another African Soft Fur Rat had an open abscess on its left rear leg. The licensee stated that the rat injured itself over the summer, but it has only recently gotten worse. Abscesses can be painful and cause an infection that could result in the animal(cid:25)s death. The licensee must ensure that this rat is evaluated and treated per the attending veterinarian's instruction. Correct by 10/22/15.

Section 2.126(b) - Access and inspection of records and property: A responsible adult shall be made available to accompany APHIS officials during the inspection process. A responsible adult was not available to accompany APHIS Officials during the inspection process at 10:30 am on 10/20/2015.

*** A female sheep was observed standing against the back wall in her pen. Her right eye was not visible due to a black crusty substance over the eye. The licensee stated he had treated the animal with antibiotics but the eye had not cleared up. He did not consult with the vet after antibiotic treatment to have the animal examined or determine next steps in a treatment plan, including pain management. There needs to be a protocol established so that communication with the vet is required in a timely manner to accurately convey information on problems of animals health. This needs to be addressed for the health and well being of the animals. Correct by: Oct 21, 2015 An exit briefing was conducted with the licensee at the time of the inspection.