citation_inspection

***Protocols A & B: Minimally invasive procedures are performed on guinea pigs or ferrets that require anesthesia to prevent distress and/or pain. However, a search to determine if there are alternatives for such procedures were not conducted. The principal investigator should consider alternatives to procedures that may cause more than momentary pain or distress and provide a written narrative description of the methods and sources used to determine that alternatives were not available. The protocols must be amended to include a search that indicates alternatives to the procedures are not available. Correct by July 30, 2015

Drainage. The facility has begun redoing the substrate in the 2 paddocks serving as the primary enclosures for 10 teaching horses. However, there is standing water in both paddocks. The standing water in the north paddock was located near one of the water receptacles and in front of one of the shelters. There was also a large pool of water in the northwest corner of the north paddock. The south paddock has an eroded area filled with water running through the center of the paddock. This stream of water was located between the feeding receptacle and the shelter. Standing water attracts pests, such as flies and mosquitoes, which can affect the comfort and health of the animals. Standing water located in areas where animals need to walk to utilize the feed and water receptacles and the shelter areas can also affect the comfort of the animals. Repair the substrate of the paddock areas that serve as primary enclosures for the teaching horses so that water is rapidly eliminated. Correct by: 1 November 2015 Inspection and exit briefing conducted with Saint Paul Area Veterinarian, Area Supervisor, Veterinary Technician, Scientist and Associate Professor. End of report.

The plan for environment enhancement adequate to promote the psychological well-being of nonhuman primates had not been reviewed by the new veterinarian. The current plan does not accurately reflect the significant human interaction that Chloe receives during the day. The plan for environmental enhancement needs to be approved by the current veterinarian and accurately reflect the environmental enhancement for Chloe. Correction Date 31 July 2015 Exit Interview conducted with facility representative. Additional Inspectors Lorang Jeanne, Animal Care Inspector

A newly acquired coyote is not listed in the inventory. The rabbit does not have the name and address of the donor or the date of acquiring of the animal. Two opossums have no address of the source and the acquisition date is incomplete. Every exhibitor should make, keep, and maintain records or forms which fully and correctly disclose information concerning animals purchased or otherwise acquired, owned, held, leased, or otherwise in his or her possession or under his or her control, or which is transported, sold, euthanized, or otherwise disposed of by the exhibitor. The records shall include any offspring born of any animal while in his or her possession or under his or her control. This includes, the date of purchase, acquisition, sale, or disposal of the animal(s). The record keeping system must be in place and maintained. Correction date: 7/25/2015

The cougar compound has a concrete waterer with a drainage pipe (approximately 6-8 feet long) extending out from the cage. Two shovel(cid:24)s worth of the dried fecal material has accumulated on the ground at the end of the pipe (there is a secondary water source for the animal). This material can attract a variety of pests and could impact the health and well- being of the animals in the compound. A system should be in place to ensure the removal and disposal of animal wastes on a regular schedule so as to minimize vermin infestation, odors, and disease hazards. ************** Corrected at the time of inspection An exit briefing was conducted with the facility representative

There are approximately 6 metal dog doors that have an accumulation of dog oil, dirt, and grime. This material covers up to approximately 40-50% of the outdoor surface of some of these doors. Surfaces that are not sanitized on a regular basis can lead to an increase in disease transmission. All hard surfaces in contact with dogs must be spot-cleaned daily and sanitized to reduce disease hazards.

At the time of this inspection at least two litters of puppies that were purchased by this broker from other breeders were housed in enclosures within a kennel building operated by another licensee. Housing of animals from two separate businesses in the same building can increase disease transmission as well as make it difficult to correctly identify which animals belong to what business. Housing facilities must be physically separated from any other business. If a housing facility is located on the same premises as another business, it must be physically separated from the other business. Correct by 30 Sept. 2015. This routine inspection and exit interview were conducted with a facility representative.

Section 2.126(b) - Access and inspection of records and property: A responsible adult shall be made available to accompany APHIS officials during the inspection process. A responsible adult was not available to accompany APHIS Officials during the inspection process at 1200 on 06/30/2015.

ID tags were not present on the animal or on the cage doors or runs, specifically: -on the cat enclosure there were no ID tags present -dogs were not accurately identified by ID tags on the runs, the name on the door did not reflect the animal in the enclosure. -records available at the time of inspection did not match the dogs physically present during inspection. Animals must be clearly identified with an identification tag on the door of the run, and a system of recordkeeping must be maintained containing each animal's tag number, a written description of each animal, the data required by Sec. 2.75(a), and a clear photograph of each animal; and a duplicate tag that accompanies each dog or cat whenever it leaves the compound or premises. Correction date 8 August 2015

Shelter boxes within multiple animal enclosures have been chewed and are no longer maintained in good repair. -Kennel #3: the plastic doghouse has been significantly chewed by the dog and is no longer in good repair. -Kennels # 10, 11, 12, & 13: wooden shelter boxes have been chewed by the dogs, creating damage and larger than intended openings. The damaged shelter boxes could result in a paw or a muzzle getting caught in the hole and causing injury to the dogs. -Kennel #4 :the cat tree has been scratched and used by the cats, creating hanging strings that could present a danger to the cats if they ate them. Primary enclosures must be kept in good repair. Correction date 8 August 2015

Dogs at the facility were able to gain access into the wallaby enclosure resulting in the wallabys death. The dogs, owned by the facility owner, were able to enter the indoor wallaby building through the entrance door. The door was closed, but the dogs forced it open as per the facility representative. All animal housing facilities must be structurally sound and maintained in good repair to prevent unauthorized animals from entering. Note: An new entrance door was placed on the wallaby building.

Excessive algae is present in the camel water tub. The sides of the water tub are green with algae. Water containing algae, if ingested, can potentially cause animals to become ill. Clean and sanitize the camel water tub and repeat often enough to prevent buildup. To be corrected: 7-3-15

Excessive flies are present in and around the enclosures containing 2 reindeer and 1 camel. The camel was observed moving his head back and forth as it was attempting to shoo the flies. The male reindeer had no fewer than 10 flies on his legs. The reindeer also attempted to shoo the flies. There are several fly strips around the enclosures, however; they are not sufficiently controlling the fly population in these areas. Flies can carry diseases that affect animals. Implement provisions to effectively control the fly population in the animal areas. To be corrected: 7-3-15 The inspection was conducted on 6-30-15. The inspection exit briefing was conducted with the undersigned facility representative on 7-1-15

The following animal use protocols did not contain an adequate description of the proposed use of the animals: AN101165-02A - Bioartificial Kidney Device in a Porcine Model - This protocol did not include a description of the device to be implanted into the pig, such as its size and composition. AN089826-03B - Dissecting the Neural Control of Social Attachment - This protocol describes how the social attachment of voles will be evaluated, and in one experiment some animals will be "loosely tethered using plastic collars..." There is no description of these collars and tethering techniques. A proposal to conduct activities involving animals must include a complete description of the use of the animal. This complete description allows the IACUC members, when deciding whether to approve a protocol, to fully understand the experiences that the animal will undergo, which enables them to request further clarifications and considerations of alternatives. The descriptions on these two protocols should be corrected by 9/1/15, with a review to check for complete description on all other protocols at the time of renewal, and all new protocol proposals, or proposed changes to existing protocols, to be compliant from this time forward.

A responsible adult was not available to accompany APHIS Officials during the inspection process at 4:30 pm on 06/30/2015.

Section 2.126(b) - Access and inspection of records and property: A responsible adult shall be made available to accompany APHIS officials during the inspection process. A responsible adult was not available to accompany APHIS Officials during the inspection process at 11:30 A.M. on 06/30/2015.

An enclosure containing two pigs and an enclosure containing eight pigs had water receptacles containing a layer of green algae scum with algae floating in the water. The enclosure containing a mini-cow and a goat had a water receptacle with a layer of algae scum lining its interior. The water receptacle for an enclosure containing three pigs had a very small amount of water with mud in it. These water receptacles must be cleaned more frequently. Unclean water could be contaminated with fecal material which could lead to internal parasite problems. It may also not be as palatable which could cause the animals not to consume enough for optimal health. Correct by: 7-2-15

A male Samoyed (Microchip # 151336624A) has a wound on the back left foot. The wound is approximately 1 inch long and is located along the top aspect of the foot. The hair around the wound appears wet and discolored with a red-brown tinged fluid. The area around the wound is mildly red and swollen. The dog does not appear to be limping. Untreated wounds can lead to further medical complications and can cause unnecessary pain and distress for the animal. The animal listed above must be evaluated by a licensed veterinarian in order to ensure that an accurate diagnosis is obtained and an appropriate treatment plan is developed and followed. This information, including the diagnosis, treatment and resolution of the condition, must be documented and made available to the inspector upon request. There is an opened, but nearly full, bag of Deccox (0.5% Decoquinate) located within the feed room. The licensee states that she places this medication on the feed for her dogs. The product is labeled for cattle and neither the product nor the program of veterinary care contain instructions for using this product on dogs. Improper use of veterinary drugs can be detrimental to the health of the animals. Medications not approved for use in dogs requires veterinary approval and oversight. The product, dose and route of administration should be documented and followed according to the veterinarians directions. The information on all medications used on the animals, including product, dose and route of administration, should be documented and made available to the inspectors upon request in order to ensure that the methods and drugs used to prevent, control, diagnose and treat diseases and injuries is appropriate.

Maintenance and replacement of surfaces. The surface of the wooden flooring in the occupied outdoor enclosures is worn and absorbing liquid. Inside the wooden shelters being used there are areas of chewed, scratched and worn surfaces. The paint is also peeling in areas and exposing unsealed wood. There are two wind and rain break flaps on two shelters that are damaged and fraying. The worn surfaces cannot be properly clean and sanitized. This can create a disease hazard and affect the health and well being of the dogs. The licensee must maintain all surfaces in the housing facility on a regular basis. Surfaces of housing facilities including houses, dens, and other furniture-type fixtures and objects within the facility that cannot be readily cleaned and sanitized, must be replaced when worn or soiled.

Drainage and waste disposal. Nearly all of outside runs have an excessive amount of excreta, food waste, hair, old bedding and standing water surrounding the enclosures. The large amount of waste is immediately adjacent to the enclosures and there are a large number of flies present around these areas. The licensee must have an effective drainage system and remove the waste from around the enclosures and maintain the collection of waste to minimize odors, pest, disease hazards and to contribute to the health and well-being of the animals.

Pest control. An excessive number of flies are present in and around all of the outdoor enclosures affecting 25 dogs. Pest control products are present, however, they are not being maintained which is reducing the effectiveness of the program. Flies are clustered on the heads of two adult rottweilers. The dogs are shaking their heads and pawing at the areas where the flies are located. An excessive number of pests can lead to disease hazards. An effective program for the control of insects and external parasites affecting dogs must be established and maintained so as to promote the health and well-being of the animals and reduce contamination by pests in animal areas. To be corrected by: July 6, 2015. Inspection and exit briefing conducted with the licensee, Heather Cole, VMO and Mary Bartels, ACI. Additional Inspectors Cole Heather, Supervisory Animal Care Specialist Bartels Mary, Animal Care Inspector

There is excessive, thick, and saturated mud in both pot-bellied pig enclosures. The mud is covering the entire ground except the animals' shelters in both enclosures. The pigs must walk through the mud to access their shelters, food, and water bowls. Excessive mud can be a potential hazard to the animals. Assure that measures are implemented to provide adequate drainage in both of these enclosures. To be corrected: 7-21-15 Note: Both pens were shoveled out, removing a substantial amount of mud between the time of inspection and the exit briefing. Note: The inspection exit briefing was conducted with the facility owner.

Section 2.126(b) - Access and inspection of records and property: A responsible adult shall be made available to accompany APHIS officials during the inspection process. A responsible adult was not available to accompany APHIS Officials during the inspection process from 4:15 p.m.-6:00 p.m. on 06/30/2015. The licensee was called twice on the phone number of record between 4:15 p.m. and 4:25 p.m. Contact was not made and a message could not be left because the voicemail was full. The licensee was called at her place of employment at 4:30 p.m. and this inspector was told by a third party that the call would be returned momentarily. At 4:55 p.m. no return call had been received and a second call was made to her place of employment. This inspector was advised by a third party that the licensee was no longer there. At 5:20 p.m. no contact was made with any person at the facility. The inspector waited in the area until 6 p.m.

The large pens used during the day to display the puppies for sale are on concrete under a shelter roof. These pens are not exposed to direct sunlight and the concrete flooring is not impervious to moisture. Surfaces that are not sealed cannot be adequately sanitized which may permit the growth of bacteria and may allow the spread of disease. All hard surfaces that the puppies may come in contact with that are not exposed to direct sunlight shall be made impervious to moisture. Correct by July 21, 2015.

There is very little shade provided for the Patagonian Cavy ("Roo"). The structure constructed to provide shade for "Roo) is very narrow and provides limited shade. There are no naturally shaded areas in this enclosure. Shade is required to protect the animals from overheating and discomfort. Additional shade shall be provided. Correct by July 7, 2015. Inspection and exit briefing conducted with the owner.

* There is one enclosure containing six puppies that has 1in. x 1in. openings in the flooring. These openings are too large and allow the puppies feet and legs to pass through. These openings in the flooring can cause injury to the puppies. Licensee must repair or replace this flooring to ensure that the puppies legs and feet do not pass through them, and ensure that floor openings do not allow the legs and feet of puppies/dogs to pass through at all times to prevent injury. ** To be corrected by: 7/1/15 Inspection and exit interview conducted with facility representative, Stephanie Osborn, ACI and Angela DePoe, ACI. Additional Inspectors Osborne Stephanie, Animal Care Inspector

The access areas between the perimeter fence and the primary enclosures have deep puddles of standing water/mud which makes the back 2 fox enclosures (containing 4 fox) inaccessible for inspection, and does not permit a thorough close-up inspection of the front fox enclosure possible. The animal areas must be accessible to permit an inspection and shall be designed to take into account the heavy rainfall that this area experiences, especially, during this time of the year. Correct by July 4, 2015

The indoor skunk/kinkajou room does not have any ventilation. This room has windows on two walls that have wire mesh which is attached & padlocked to the sills. The windows cannot be left opened because the size of the wire mesh could possibly allow the kinkajou to pass through the openings so the windows remain closed. Indoor hosing facilities shall be ventilated to provide for the health and comfort of the animals at all times and to prevent overheating. This may be provided by open windows fans, air conditioning or other means. Correct by July 2, 2015

The floor of the skunk/kinkajou is covered with feces. The amount of feces that was observed would indicate that this floor has not been cleaned in some time. There was a slight foul odor. Excreta shall be removed to prevent contamination of the animals, reduce disease hazards, and to reduce odors. Correct by July 1, 2015

Expired drugs (pain medication expired 10/13) were intermingled with current drugs in the medication refrigerator. Expired drugs must be separated from current medications and clearly labeled to prevent the accidental use on covered species. Correction date 31 July 2015

In the Capuchin enclosure, the wire shelf inside the shelter area was missing a supporting bracket and was bowing under the weight of the Capuchins when they landed on it. The wire shelf is no longer structurally sound or in good repair and could potentially break, creating sharp edges that could result in injuries to animals. There must be a system of maintenance in place. Correction date 14 July 2015

Perimeter fence/Secondary Containment At the gate entering the Lion compound, there was 4-6" of space under the main gate where the road has eroded away, creating a space big enough for a small cat or raccoon to enter. The fence must protect the animals in the facility by restricting animals or unauthorized persons from going through or under it. -In the Lion compound, some of the shade trees adjacent to the perimeter fence have grown to a height and width that could support the weight of a cat and therefore reduces the effective height of the perimeter fence to less than 8 ft. -In the Lion compound, there are fencing materials and bricks stored adjacent to the perimeter fence that reduce the effective height of the fence to less than 8 ft. The perimeter fence must have an effective height of 8 ft or more so that it can function as a secondary containment system for the animals in the facility. Correction date: 31 July 2015 Exit interview conducted with facility personnel. Additional Inspectors Lorang Jeanne, Animal Care Inspector