citation_inspection

From 1/29/2015 to 12/20/2015 there have been 12 incidents of nonhuman primates escaping primary enclosures. Nine of these incidents were due to human error and three incidents were due to enclosure hardware failure. In these 12 incidents, the nonhuman primates were injured due to uncontrolled interactions with nonhuman primates in other primary enclosures in the rooms where the escapes occurred. Some lost portions of their tongues while others needed sutures and/or partial digit amputations. In order to prevent further escapes that lead to injury of animals, the research facility must ensure that personnel always handle animals as carefully as possible and ensure that the enclosures(cid:25)' hardware is appropriate to enable personnel to handle animals without injury. Note: The facility previously identified these incidents and reported them to the ACUC that oversees the responsible unit. Corrective actions have been implemented to minimize further incidents. Affected animals promptly received appropriate veterinary care.

2.40(b)(2) Attending Veterinarian and adequate veterinary care (dealers and exhibitors) *** 36 animals were found in need of veterinary care during the inspection. This included: ~ Animal 1: One female gray and white Syrian Hamster was housed with her litter (containing 5 live pups) in the trailer, fifth rack, row 3, box 5. This female hamster was thin and lethargic and in addition to the live pups one freshly dead partially cannibalized hamster pup was also present in the enclosure. When examined, this hamster had a large amount of soft wet brown debris around her tail consistent with diarrhea. ~ Animal 2: One gray and white Syrian Hamster was housed in a group enclosure in the trailer, first rack, row 2, box 3. This animal had a right eye that was sunken, crusted with brown debris and was held partially shut when identified by the inspector. ~ Animal 3: One dark gray Syrian Hamster with white feet was housed in a group enclosure in the trailer, first rack, row 6, box 7. This animal had a patch of hair loss on its back and nose. The area of hair loss on the back was approximately 1cm in diameter and the underlying skin appeared normal. The area on the nose was smaller and underlying skin appeared crusty. When identified by the inspector, the licensee stated that the hair loss on the nose was just from pushing against the feeder and on the back was likely scars from fighting previously. ~ Animal 4: One female grey and white Syrian hamster was housed with her litter (containing 5 live pups) in Room #17, rack #1, row #2, box #3. This hamster had a wet area with brown discoloration on the underside of the tail and chin consistent with diarrhea and grooming of the area. In addition to the live animals, there were also two dead hamster pups in this enclosure. One of these was fresh and partially cannibalized. The second was older and consisted only of dried fur and skin. ~ Animal 5: One male tan long-haired Syrian hamster was housed with a single other adult hamster in Room #17, rack #3, row #3, box #19. This hamster had incomplete hair loss / thinning over the hind end of the body. The underlying skin was dry and had numerous scabs. The facility representative stated that this was likely bites from the other hamster and separated them when identified by APHIS Officials. ~ Animals 6-15: One brown female Syrian hamster was housed with her litter (containing 9 live pups) in Room #17, rack #3, row #1, box #5. The adult hamster had a moderate amount of wet brown debris under the tail consistent with diarrhea. The hamster pups were all wet over the fur on the backs and had varying degrees of diarrhea on their hind end. In addition to the live animals there was also 1 dead pup in this enclosure. ~ Animals 16-22: Seven juvenile Gerbils were housed in room 5 of the 'Main Building' in rack #16, row #4, box #7. This included 3 brown, 1 white, 2 black, and 1 tan all of which had areas of dark red-brown scabs over their back and/tails. The most severely affected was the white gerbil which had scabs extending from the back of the neck down the back to the base of the tail as well as hair loss in those areas. The licensee stated that there appeared to be some aggression in this enclosure and removed the one animal that had the least amount of scabs, presumed to be the aggressor and separated the enclosure for observation. ~ Animal 23: One black Russian dwarf hamster was housed with 7 other hamsters in box 5 of the hallway near room 5 of the main building. This hamster had a large area of hair loss covering 1/4 to 1/3 of its head between the eyes and ears. The skin underlying this area of hair loss had three large scabs present. ~ Animal 24: A white chinchilla was observed with hair loss on the sides of both ears. There was also some scabbing in this area. This can be an indication that there is a medical issue. This animal had not yet received veterinary attention. Measures need to be taken to provide appropriate veterinary care in a timely manner in order to prevent the animal unnecessary pain and distress. ~ Animal 25: A black chinchilla was observed to have hair loss on its neck area. This hair loss extended full circle around the entire neck. Hair loss can be a sign of a more serious health issue. This animal had not yet received veterinary attention for this condition. ~ Animal 26: A grey chinchilla was observed with an abnormal reddening area around its eyes with areas of hair loss. There was crusty discharge on both eyes and nose, and a cloudy discharge on the left eye. The eyes were sunken in and the chinchilla was huddled in the enclosure and appeared depressed and lethargic. These signs are indicators of a negative health issue and suggestive of systemic disease and animal discomfort. The animal had not yet received veterinary care for this issue. ~ Animal 27: A white chinchilla was observed with hair loss between its ears on the back of its neck. The skin underneath was bright pink in color. Hair loss can be a sign of a more serious health issue. This animal had not yet received veterinary attention for this condition. ~ Animal 28: A black chinchilla was observed with a cloudy "hazy" appearance in both eyes. This condition affected the center of the eye in the middle of the cornea. There was a discharge noted in the left eye. This could be an indication of a serious underlying medical issue and can cause distress to the animal. The chinchilla had not received vet care for this condition. ~ Animal 29: A black chinchilla was observed squinting with a discharge from both eyes. The animal was not opening the eye fully, which may be an indication of discomfort or pain. The animal remained huddled in the corner of the enclosure and seemed reluctant to move around compared to the normal movements of the healthy chinchillas. The chest area was wet and had a crusty appearance. The chinchilla had not received vet care for this condition. ~ Animal 30: A white chinchilla was observed with a discharge from both eyes. This can be an indication of a more serious illness affecting the animal, and could possibly cause distress to the animal. The chinchilla had not yet received veterinary care for this issue. ~ Animal 31: In the Hut on the top row bin 1 a black and white guinea pig was observed with a crusty discharge from the left eye. The animal was not opening the eye fully, which may be an indication of discomfort. The guinea pig had not received veterinary care for this issue. ~ Animal 32: One light sable juvenile ferret housed in the Ferret / Rabbit room had a right eye that was partially closed and had an accumulation of light brown crusty debris present. ~ Animal 33: One tricolor Abyssinian-type guinea pig was present in the "Hut" building on the male rack, row #5, tub #3 (co-housed with 13 other guinea pigs). This guinea pig had a small circular area of hair loss just above the nose with a small central scab. The surrounding skin was dry and crusty. ~ Animal 34: One light tricolor rough coated "teddy-bear" type guinea pig was present in the "Hut" building on the male rack, row #5, tub #3 (co-housed with 14 other guinea pigs). This guinea pig had a right eye that was being held partially closed and had brown crusty debris on the upper and lower lid accumulating in the corner of the eye closest to the nose. ~ Animal 35: One white Abyssinian-type guinea pig with a brown patch near the eye was present in the "Hut" building on the male rack, row #2, tub #8 (co-housed with 14 other guinea pigs). This guinea pig had a left eye that was being held partially closed. There was a small amount of crusty debris accumulated along the lower lid and at the corner nearest the eye. ~ Animal 36: One grey agouti with white guinea pig with a single rosette on the head (Crested / American-type) was present in the "Hut" building of the male rack, row #4, box #8 (co-housed with 9 other guinea pigs). This guinea pig had a left eye that was completely sealed shut with brown crusty debris. When examined the eye could not be opened with gentle wiping. The facility maintains an area within each room for animals requiring additional care, however, none of the animals listed above were identified by facility staff prior to inspection. All of these animals / enclosures were mixed with the general population of animals in their respective rooms. The clinical signs of hair loss, eye abnormalities, loose stool / diarrhea, and general lethargy / depression are all indicators of ill-health or disease. These conditions can result from multiple causes including traumatic injury and infectious diseases, or other causes. Depending on the underlying cause, left untreated these conditions may progress leading additional unnecessary animal suffering. Animals exhibiting advanced signs of disease such as generalized lethargy, depression, and weight loss are also at an increased risk of death when left untreated and several dead animals were found in the above enclosures. Additionally, pre-weaning juvenile animals whose mothers' have died are at significant risk of suffering and or death if appropriate steps are not taken to properly diagnose the cause of death, provide appropriate treatment and supportive care, or humanely euthanize individuals if they are not old enough to self-feed and survive on their own. All licensees are required to implement appropriate methods for adequate veterinary care including the use of methods to prevent, control, diagnose, and treat disease for all animals. Appropriate diagnosis and treatment of these animals is necessary to ensure humane care. Correct by reporting these animals to the attending veterinarian and having them examined by a licensed veterinarian for diagnosis and the development of an appropriate treatment plan for each animal condition. Documentation of this examination, the treatment plan, implementation of the treatments, and recommendations for prevention / control of disease spread to the remaining animals shall be maintained by the licensee for examination by APHIS Officials upon request. To be completed by: 8 January 2016 Note: Facility representatives brought several animals to the attending veterinarian as they were identified during inspection. The animals received immediate appropriate attention. Documentation of examination by the attending veterinarian and the treatment recommendations was provided to APHIS Officials for many of the most severely affected animals during the inspection and prior to the exit interview. *** In addition to the animals requiring veterinary care for physical ailments listed above, one Roborovski dwarf hamster exhibiting an abnormal repetitive (stereotypic) behavior was identified by inspectors. This tan hamster was cohoused with 7 other Roborovski dwarf hamsters in box 3 of the hallway near room 5 of the main building and was observed for several minutes during which time it consistently jumped in "back flip" motion. The animal would backflip, run several paces forward into the same starting position and then back flip again, repeating this process greater than 20 times in a row with little to no deviation to the behavior. The animal continued this behavior even when other animals in the enclosure walked in its path only making minor alterations as were necessary to continue the behavior. APHIS Officials were able to disrupt the behavior by talking or moving the enclosure at which time the animal burrowed and/or ate a few bites of food, only to return to the stereotypic behavior shortly after. APHIS Officials returned to this area to observe the animal again approximately 30 minutes later at which time the animal was still preforming this abnormal behavior. The facility representative stated that this had not been observed by the facility previously and no steps had been taken to identify or address the cause. Abnormal repetitive behaviors often called stereotypies are a behavioral indicator of stress and can be detrimental to the animal. All licensees are required to use appropriate methods to prevent control, diagnose, and treat diseases and injuries including this type of behavioral disease. Correct by having this animal examined by the attending veterinarian so that appropriate methods for diagnosis, treatment, and continued monitoring can be taken to identify and correct the cause of the behavior. A record of this examination, treatment recommendations, and implementation of the treatment plan shall be maintained by the facility for review by APHIS Officials upon request. To be completed by: 12 January 2016

The licensee currently lacks adequate guidance to personnel regarding euthanasia of animals conducted by the facility. The Methods used for Euthanasia were not adequately described in the Program of veterinary Care stating only that animals could be euthanized by either the veterinarian or the licensee and by Carbon Dioxide or Sodium Pentobarbital but not differentiating who was permitted to use which method, for which species, or what staff training was required. When APHIS officials questioned facility personnel in charge of performing euthanasia and the methods which they were trained, the reply was that the procedure was " (cid:28)learned on the internet"(cid:29). The licensee must seek adequate guidance from the Attending Veterinarian (AV) and ensure that all employees are appropriately trained in these techniques including positive determination of death as directed by the AV before they are allowed to perform these responsibilities. A complete description of the methods used including a description of these procedures and designation for which species it is appropriate must be included in the program of veterinary care. Failure to obtain adequate guidance from the AV regarding this topic may result in deviation from acceptable practices without the veterinarian(cid:25)s' knowledge and lead to unnecessary animal suffering. Correct by ensuring that additional guidance as described above is incorporated into the PVC and that records of staff training in these methods are maintained from this point forward. To be completed by: 18 January 2016

Several escaped animals were observed in multiple buildings throughout the inspection. This included loose hamsters observed in the trailer, the chinchilla area of the main building, and the hut. Additionally, one escaped guinea pig was observed in the hut and one escaped chinchilla was observed in the hamster area of the main building. Injury can occur from falls and exposure to dangerous substances when an animal escapes out of its enclosure. In addition, there were several hamster enclosures observed with full thickness cracks in the bottoms, some of which were covered with tape. Correct by ensuring that all primary enclosures are maintained in good repair and that they properly contain the animals. Additionally ensure worn enclosure must be replaced when necessary. To be completed by: 8 February 2016

When APHIS officials questioned an employee about the sanitation schedule for cleaning of the feeders in the hamster rooms, they were told that the feeders were cleaned only when they were contaminated or when the hamster is removed from the room at the end of the breeding span. This may be as great as 21 weeks. In addition, approximately 1 out of every 25 feeders had a buildup of rust observed. This frequency of sanitization is inadequate and can allow a buildup of dust and debris on the food, which may lead to illness. All licensees must ensure that food receptacles are kept clean and must be sanitized at least once every 2 weeks or as often as necessary to prevent deterioration of food. Correct by ensuring that these receptacles are cleaned and sanitized as required from this point forward. To be completed by: 18 January 2016

The wash area in the Hut building did not have hot water readily available to clean enclosures, food, and water receptacles. The facility representative stated that the hot water has been turned off at the heater due to leaking valves and that it must be turned on at the water heater. APHIS officials observed employees using the wash area, but when the water temperature in sinks was assessed by touch it was found to be ice cold. Employees appear to be washing the enclosures with cold water. When the valves were turned on at the hot water heater by management the water did in fact become hot at the washing station. Cold water is not as effective at removing excreta, bacteria, or other contaminants and this practice will not result in enclosures being adequately sanitized which may possibly lead disease transmission and other negative health impact on the animals. Licensees must ensure that primary enclosures are sanitized using hot water of 180 degrees and soap or detergent as in a mechanical cage wash, by washing with a detergent solution and then using an appropriate disinfectant, or by cleaning with live steam. Correct by ensuring repairing that there is a continuous supply of hot water available for cleaning and disinfection or by using an alternate method as allowed by regulation. To be completed by: 18 January 2016

A domestic cat was observed sleeping in an open shipping container in the Hut building. This building houses guinea pigs contained in primary enclosures that are large, open toped bins. The primary enclosures are not designed in a manner that would exclude this free roaming cat (or other animals) from entering the bins. Cats are a predatory animal and may injure or cause unnecessary stress to the guinea pigs. In addition, this could negatively affect the health of the animals contributing to the spread of disease either carried from the outside or from enclosure to enclosure. When identified by inspectors, the cat was removed from the building and then noticed walking into the room again from the rear of the building shortly afterwards. When attempting to determine how the cat was back, inspectors observed that the back door to the Hut building did not close or latch properly. A bleach bottle was observed holding the door closed, however, this bottle could not be propped in place when employees left through the back door allowing the cat to regain entry to the room. Guinea pigs must not be housed in the same primary enclosure as other species. Considering the guinea pigs in this area are housed in open bins and this cat can freely enter the building, it is clear that there is currently no method in place to prevent other animals from entering the guinea pig enclosures. Correct by ensuring that other species of animals, especially potential predators, are not permitted access to animal areas with open topped primary enclosures. Additionally, the facility must ensure that the door is repaired and closes securely to adequately protect the animals contained in this building. Corrected at the time of inspection

There was a buildup of hair, urine scale and debris observed in the majority of the rabbit enclosures. The buildup of brown urine scale in the corners of these cages was enough that it was off the wire creating a (cid:28)lumpy(cid:29) 3-dimensional appearance. The facility representative stated that these cages are regularly brought outside the building and pressure washed and then disinfected using a bleach solution outdoors. This accumulation of urine scale is significant enough to indicate that the current cleaning and disinfection procedures are either not adequate or not being done with sufficient frequency to meet the required cleaning requirements. This condition is insanitary and can harbor bacteria and possibly cause the rabbits to become ill. All enclosures must be kept reasonably free of excreta, hair and other debris. Additionally, the enclosures must be sanitized at least every 30 days in accordance with 3.56(b). Correct by ensuring that these enclosures are cleaned and sanitized at a higher frequency or through alternate methods in order to prevent this condition. To be completed by: 18 January 2016

A responsible adult was not available to accompany APHIS Officials during the inspection process at 10:00am on 01/05/2016.

The animal enclosures should be structurally sound, and maintained in good repair, so as to protect the animals from harm. The following hazards were observed in animal enclosures: A.) In bats there was an electrical cord on the floor of the enclosure. Although the keeper stated that the bats do not choose to go onto the floor, this possibility cannot be ruled out, and electrical wires inside an enclosure present an electrocution risk. B.) In the elephant barn there was a broken plastic sky light, and another skylight was cracked. There was no screening or netting to prevent broken pieces from falling into the enclosure. Sharp plastic pieces could cause injury. C.) Sections of the elk / bison chain-link fencing were damaged, with dislodged and bent support poles, and sagging chain-link. The fence does not appear to be structurally sound, and also poses a risk for entanglement. D.) In the zebra enclosure a temporary divider had been constructed in order to prevent access to one half of the enclosure. The divider was made from metal stakes, plastic snow fencing, and piles of cut logs and branches. The divider showed evidence of having been breached by the animals, and poses a risk of entanglement or injury from the sharp metal stakes. E.) In the Eland enclosure there was chicken-wire on the top that had become dislodged along one edge, and had sharp metal ends that could cause injuries to eyes or skin, were the animal to access it. Enclosures should be maintained in good repair, and free from hazards that could cause injury. Items A, D, and E to be corrected by 1/15/16, item B to be corrected by 2/8/16, and item C to be corrected by 5/1/16.

-During the cleaning of the female fisher #985112005255670 externally attached den box, a block was used to cover the entrance and the lid was closed. When the worker returned and opened the lid to place the bedding in, the block had been worked free. When the block was moved the fisher ran up and out of the den box. During the attempt to capture the fisher it ran up and over the perimeter fence and has not been recovered. -All animal enclosures must be constructed in such a manner that contain the animals from escaping. A program of identifying and correcting the fisher den box; and other areas of future potential escape routes, must be corrected in a timely manner to ensure the containment of all the animals and to ensure this noncompliant item does not repeat. -To be corrected by: January 19, 2016 Exit interview was conducted with facility representatives

The current Program of Veterinary Care (PVC) does not address all species at the facility. Licensees' with part time attending veterinarians must have a formal written arrangement with a veterinarian (PVC) that addresses the preventive care for all regulated species. This is required so that USDA personnel can confirm that the licensee is working with a veterinarian and is following the recommendations from that veterinarian. A program of veterinary care needs to be developed for this facility by the attending veterinarian that includes recommendations for all regulated species at the facility. Examples of topics to be covered in the PVC are: *The veterinarian's schedule for visits to the facility. *Parasite control program if appropriate for the species. *Vaccination recommendations if appropriate for the species. *Routine medical testing if appropriate for the species. *Instructions on necropsies for unexpected deaths. *Hoof trims for animals with chronic hoof problems. *Any other medical/husbandry recommendations the veterinarian feels necessary for this facility. *Emergency contact information. The PVC must be signed and dated by the attending veterinarian. This document must indicate to USDA representatives that the licensee and the veterinarian have an active working relationship.

Two ringtail lemurs were housed in an outdoor enclosure with only one heat lamp available. The temperature at the time of this inspection was 44 degrees at 10:30 am with an overnight low the previous evening (at midnight ) of 37 degrees. The single heat lamp did not provide enough heat to both lemurs in this enclosure to prevent the ambient temperature from falling below 45 degrees. Outdoor housing facilities must provide adequate shelter from the elements at all times. It must provide protection from the rain, snow, wind, and cold, and prevent the ambient temperature from falling below 45 degrees. The two ringtail lemurs were moved to an indoor housing facility during this inspection.

Shelter from inclement weather. One female camel and her baby, together with 21 goats, are housed together in one outdoor enclosure. The single shelter in this enclosure is not tall enough or wide enough to comfortably house both of the camels and all of the goats during inclement weather. An additional taller shelter must be added to this outdoor enclosure to provide adequate shelter for both camels and additional shelter is needed for all 21 goats in this enclosure.

At the time of this inspection, the outdoor serval yard had a large accumulation of dried, white fecal material. Feces must be removed from animal enclosures as often as necessary to minimize disease hazards and to reduce odors. Routine cleaning and sanitation of primary enclosures must be done frequently to protect the health and well-being of the one serval housed in this enclosure. Facility inspection was conducted by Jeanne Kjos, VMO and Cindy Digesualdo, VMO with facility representatives on January 5, 2016. Exit briefing was conducted with by Jeanne Kjos, VMO and Cindy Digesualdo, VMO with facility representatives on January 6, 2016. Additional Inspectors Digesualdo Cynthia, Veterinary Medical Officer

A responsible adult was not available to accompany APHIS Officials during the inspection process at 2:30 p.m. on 01/05/2016. The inspector spoke with a resident who stated the licensee was not home. The inspector called the phone number provided and contacted the licensee. The licensee stated he was not available for an inspection at that time.

In accordance with 2.126(c) a written itinerary is required to be submitted to the Regional Director at [email protected] no fewer than 2 days in advance of any travel and shall contain complete and accurate information concerning the whereabouts of any animal intended for exhibition at any location other than the person's approved site. As defined in the regulation, the itinerary shall include the following: (i) The name of the person who intends to exhibit the animal and transport the animal for exhibition purposes, including any business name and current Act license or registration number and, in the event that any animal is leased, borrowed, loaned, or under some similar arrangement, the name of the person who owns such animal; (ii) The name, identification number or identifying characteristics, species (common or scientific name), sex and age of each animal; and (iii) The names, dates, and locations (with addresses) where the animals will travel, be housed, and be exhibited, including all anticipated dates and locations (with addresses) for any stops and layovers that allow or require removal of the animals from the transport enclosures. Unanticipated delays of such length shall be reported to the AC Regional Director the next APHIS business day. APHIS Regional offices are available each weekday, except on Federal holidays, from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. As a Class C exhibitor with no reported primary site, submitting an itinerary for the traveling animals is crucial to ensuring that the animals are maintained in accordance with the Animal Welfare Act. Ashley Hoskins brought "Mimi" the toy poodle to the Western Fair Association Convention and Trade Show in Anaheim, CA Jan 3-6, 2016. There have been no itineraries submitted to the Regional Director or [email protected] in 2015 or 2016. Licensee stated that she has an overwintering site in Arizona, and an alternative site in San Diego County and neither address has been reported to the Regional Director or [email protected]. These addresses and the dates when the animals are at each site must be reported in advance to the Regional Office in order to facilitate Animal Welfare Act Inspections. Itineraries must be submitted to the Regional Director with the required information no fewer than 2 days in advance of any travel or move. Exhibitors who repeatedly provide less than 48 hours(cid:25) notice will be subjected to increased scrutiny under the Act. To be Corrected from this day forward. Exit Interview conducted with facility representative by Jeanne Lorang, A.C.I. and Dr. Katharine Frank, V.M.O. Additional Inspectors Lorang Jeanne, Animal Care Inspector

The dogs in the outdoor facility did not have adequate bedding. The ambient temperature at the time of the inspection was 40 degrees F with temperatures falling below 35 degrees F at night. The shelters had a small amount of hay, but not enough for the temperatures that the dogs were being exposed to. Adequate clean, dry bedding is necessary to protect the dogs so that they are not in discomfort or at risk for temperature-related health problems. The licensee must ensure that each dog has access to a shelter with bedding when the ambient temperature falls below 50 degrees and must provide additional bedding when the temperature is 35 degrees F or lower. TO BE CORRECTED JANUARY 05, 2016. The inspection and the exit briefing were conducted with the licensee.

A male Shih-Tzu (tag number 148) has a skin lesion in the area of his right shoulder that is weepy and red in appearance. The facility representative stated that the licensee has been treating the lesion with a topical medication, but has not consulted the attending veterinarian regarding the dog's skin condition. The lesion is an abnormal condition that may be painful and can become infected if not treated properly. Correct by having the attending veterinarian examine and evaluate the dog's skin condition and then by treating the dog as directed by the attending veterinarian. Correct by January 8, 2016.

In an outdoor enclosure, containing two dogs, the water receptacle has frozen water in it. An older male Shetland Sheepdog (DOB 2002) was observed to be intermittently licking the frozen water. The inspector asked the facility representative if he could give water to the dog. The facility representative removed the frozen water and filled the receptacle with fresh water. This older dog then drank continuously for fifty-five seconds. The dog then stopped drinking and left the water receptacle, but returned and drank continuously for forty-nine seconds. The dog then left the water receptacle again, but returned to it and drank for approximately twenty more seconds. The facility representative said the dogs are given water twice a day but had not been given water yet that day. The inspection took place at noon when the temperature was 32 degrees F. The temperature the previous day had reached a high of 26 degrees F according to AccuWeather.com. Insufficient amounts of available fresh water to meet the needs of the dogs could cause them stress and have a negative impact on their health and well-being. Fresh water must be offered to the dogs at least twice daily or as often as necessary to ensure the health and well-being of the animals and reduce stress caused by lack of available water. The licensee must ensure that this older dog is provided with enough fresh water to meet his needs. The licensee must also ensure the other dogs are provided with enough fresh water to meet their needs, as well. Correction date: From this day forward Exit interview conducted with Kelly Maxwell, ACI and the facility representative.

There is a large amount of clutter, dirt, dust, debris, old food and animal waste, and scattered husbandry items present throughout the indoor portion of the sheltered housing facility. The grooming table, the area surrounding the unopened bags of dog food and all of the cabinets in the entryway to the kennel are excessively cluttered and dirty. Some of the items present in these areas are scattered husbandry items (old soiled carpet/mats, drill bits, plastic bottles, dirty towels, used syringes and needles, empty syringe cases, tools, loose light bulbs, etc). There is a thick layer of excessive dust, dirt, and/or debris covering some of the clutter, the top of the grooming table, the shelves in the cabinets housing the medications and cleaning supplies, and the floor under and around the unopened bags of dog food. Within the portion of the facility housing the dogs, there is excessive dust, dirt, debris, old food and animal waste, hair and cobwebs throughout the floor under the raised pens, on outlets throughout the building, on the ceiling fan and on clutter/unused husbandry items at the back of the kennel. Some of the cluttered items include unused pens and other husbandry items. Some of the excessive dust, dirt, debris and cobwebs is very thick and is in direct contact with the animal enclosures. There are at least forty-five adult dogs and twelve puppies housed in this facility. Failure to keep housing facilities neat, clean and free of clutter can pose an injury hazard to the animals and can harbor vermin and other pests. The licensee must clean these areas and properly store all the cluttered items. The licensee must ensure that all housing facilities and areas used for storing animal food or husbandry items are kept neat and free of any accumulation of clutter, stored materials, or any other unused items. Correction date: January 18, 2016

Within the indoor portion of the sheltered housing facility, the inspectors noticed a strong animal waste odor and an increase in the ammonia level. One inspector felt a burning sensation in her eyes and the other inspector felt a burning sensation in her throat. The licensee stated that the fan within the housing facility doesn't run as often in the winter time. A buildup of ammonia levels could have a negative effect on the health of the dogs. There are at least forty-five adult dogs and twelve puppies housed in this building. The enclosed or sheltered part of sheltered housing facilities for dogs must be sufficiently ventilated when dogs are present to provide for their health and well-being, and to minimize odors and ammonia levels. The licensee must ensure that the facility is always adequately ventilated by the use of windows, vents, fans or air conditioners to reduce the buildup of ammonia and odors and to promote the health and well-being of the dogs. Correction date: January 13, 2016

** The male patas monkey is having some kind of moisture issues and there is an active leak. It is damp and there is still some areas of wood above the entrance that are exhibiting signs of moisture. There is a slight smell of mildew and there are insects that favor moist and damp conditions present in the night house. There is a leak coming from an unknown source that needs to be addressed to alleviate the moisture and dampness. There was a fan put in place to move the moisture but could not operate properly due to unreliable electricity. The male patas monkey's night house does have some patch work but there may be another issue contributing to the moisture issue. The facility must be repaired or replaced, and maintained to ensure that the building is structurally sound and kept in good repair.

** In the one female ring-tailed lemur's night house there was rat feces on top of the blanket and bedding. Beneath the night house in a chamber holding the heating lamp and the bait box there was an abundance of ants. Insects and rodents can be a disease hazard and could contaminate the bedding. The facility must establish an effective pest control program to control insects and rodents to promote the health and well-being of the animals and reduce contamination.

Surfaces. Cleaning. * There were various items inside some of the enclosures that were soiled and had clearly not been sanitized within the past two weeks. One was a white and blue rope inside the enclosure housing two lemurs which had turned completely black and grimy in some areas. Another was a black and white rope inside the enclosure housing one capuchin which was soiled with a black, grimy substance. The baboon enclosure had a swinging hammock which was also soiled black around the edges. * The licensee stated the waste is only being removed from the enclosures every other day. There was clearly more than one days' worth of food waste and excreta on the floors at the time of inspection in nearly all the enclosures. * The empty enclosure next to the lemurs is used to care for cats (litter box and feeding). There was a build-up of waste debris along the edges of that enclosure which were in very close proximity to the lemurs. ** Enrichment items, enclosures, and areas in and around enclosures which are not kept properly cleaned and sanitized are likely to attract pests and vermin which pose a health risk for the animals. *** The licensee must ensure that hard surfaces which nonhuman primates come in contact with are spot cleaned daily and sanitized in accordance with 3.84 (at least once every two weeks). Furthermore, the licensee must ensure that all other surfaces of housing facilities are cleaned and sanitized when necessary to satisfy generally accepted husbandry standards and practices.

The paddock fence for the zebra "Rambo" is in disrepair. There is a section on the left side of the pen that has been bent or pressed down by the zebra compromising the structural strength. There is also a portion of the main fence separating the pasture on the left that has been compromised. The fence shall be repaired or replaced to securely contain the zebra within his enclosure and protect him from harm. Correct by February 15, 2016. Exit briefing conducted with the co-owner.

Item Environment Enhancement 3.81 c 3 At the time of inspection primate R11001 showed areas of hair loss along the back. In reviewing the animals record this was first seen back in Feb 2015 .The next entry in the animals record was in June of 2015 indicating patchy alopecia. There were no further entries in the animals record since then. The enrichment program of non human primates indicates that atypical behavior will be evaluated regularly and written in the animals record. The facility needs to follow their plan and insure atypical behavior is documented and treated. Correct from this day 1/5/2016 Exit interview took place at the end of inspection Inspection took place over 2 days 1/4-5/2016

***There was an approximately 8 month old female Bichon Frise (#941000018198430) with hair loss and circular-like lesions on the front of the lower legs/back feet. The hair loss was present on the front of both back legs extending approximately from the knees to the top of each rear foot. There were at least 2 to 3 reddened circular type lesions present over each lower leg/ rear foot in the areas of hair loss. The lesions varied in size from pinpoint to approximately 1/4 inch in diameter. The larger lesions on each foot appeared to be crusty and scab-like. The licensee was not aware of the dog's condition prior to the inspector pointing it out, but thought it could be due to the dog recently being housed with a male dog. This dog's condition could be due to an infection or a variety of other veterinary medical conditions. The licensee must consult with a licensed veterinarian regarding this dog's condition in order to ensure that an accurate diagnosis is made and an appropriate treatment plan is developed and followed. The licensee must document this information and make it available to the inspector upon request. The licensee must ensure that all animals receive adequate veterinary care at all times. To be corrected by: January 9, 2016. The inspection and exit interview were conducted with the licensee.

*** The facility is not updating its records of animals on hand in a timely and accurate manner. The total animal number count has not been updated since July 2015. The facility has had several animals die (kangaroo, elk, bison) sold (50+ bison) and born (kangaroo) since then but is not recording that information for months at a time. Accurate and timely recordkeeping needs to be done per this requirement and to track the movement of animals. Correct by: Jan 22, 2016

*** At the time of the inspection the ambient temperature was 17 deg F. The shelter for the pigs and smaller animals in the small animal adventure section of the park does not have adequate bedding to provide protection and prevent discomfort. In addition it is questionable that the young small pigs were acclimated for these temperatures to be left outdoors. This needs to be addressed and the animals heavily bedded down for their protection and comfort. Correct by: Jan 7, 2016

*** The current kangaroo diet is a combination of rabbit pellet, sweet feed, flake corn and hay. There was no evidence of mineral blocks or vitamin E and selenium which can lead to a vitamin deficiency. Additionally kangaroos are prone to lumpy jaw which can also be due to the wrong diet. The diet of these animals need to be evaluated by the vet to assure the animals are receiving a diet that meets their nutritional value for their health and well being. Correct by: Jan 12, 2016

*** The facility has over several hundred exotic hoofstock and other mammals and birds at a drive through animal park. There are only four employees including the owner who are dedicated to the animal side of the business during the winter months. This is not enough animal care employees to maintain the professional level of husbandry practices and care for this type of facility. There is lack of information in regards to records of animals, daily observations and vet care for the animals. The winter holding areas are spread out over several miles and are not cleaned and maintained with lack of housekeeping practices. The facility needs to address this issues and hire employees who are adequately trained for the current professional standards of care for exotic animals in a drive through park. Correct by: Feb 28, 2016 An exit briefing was conducted with a facility representative on Jan 8, 2016

Two outdoor kennels housing a total of 4 dogs had exposed wires protruding from the fencing into the kennel at approximately head height to the enclosed animals. Wires and sharp points are a risk of injury to the animals. Licensee must remove or repair all exposed sharp points to help protect the health and welfare of the dogs. Corrected on the spot